Texas Medical Assistant Certification Practice Test

What kind of tissue forms the protective outer layer of bones?

1. Periosteum

2. Cartilage

3. Dense connective tissue

4. Ligament

The correct answer is: Periosteum

The protective outer layer of bones is formed by the periosteum. This dense layer of connective tissue plays a crucial role in the overall health and function of the bones. It not only serves as a protective barrier but also provides an attachment point for tendons and ligaments, which is essential for mobility and stability. Furthermore, the periosteum contains nerves and blood vessels that nourish the underlying bone tissue, facilitating growth, repair, and maintenance. While cartilage provides cushioning and support at joints, and dense connective tissue features prominently in various structural functions within the body, neither directly forms the outer layer of bones. Ligaments, which connect bones to other bones at joints, serve a different purpose and are made up of different types of connective tissue. Understanding the specific role of the periosteum as the outer protective layer is essential for grasping how the skeletal system functions structurally and physiologically.